Periodontology is the branch of dentistry that focuses on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of periodontal disease, which affects the supporting tissues of the teeth, including the gums and alveolar bone. Its goal is to maintain healthy gums and prevent tooth loss.
What is periodontitis?
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that damages the gums and the bone supporting the teeth. It usually begins with gingivitis (gum inflammation) and, if left untreated, progresses to periodontal disease, potentially leading to tooth mobility and loss.
Causes and risk factors
The primary cause of periodontitis is plaque accumulation, a bacterial biofilm that irritates the gums. Several risk factors can worsen the condition, including:
Poor oral hygiene
Smoking
Genetic predisposition
Diabetes and systemic diseases
Stress and weakened immune system
Symptoms not to ignore
The early stages of gum disease may show mild symptoms, but they should never be underestimated. The most common include:
Red, swollen, or bleeding gums
Persistent bad breath
Gum recession exposing the tooth root
Tooth sensitivity
Tooth mobility in advanced cases
How periodontal disease is treated
The treatment depends on the severity of the disease. Options include:
Professional oral hygiene (scaling and root planing): deep cleaning of teeth and roots to remove tartar and bacteria.
Antibiotic therapy: in cases of severe infection.
Surgical periodontal therapy: such as flap surgery or bone grafting when bone loss occurs.
Maintenance therapy: periodic check-ups to prevent relapse.
The importance of prevention
Prevention is the most effective way to protect gum health. It includes:
Brushing teeth at least twice daily with proper technique
Flossing daily
Regular dental check-ups every 6 months
Professional dental cleaning sessions
Healthy lifestyle habits (quit smoking, balanced diet)
By adopting these strategies, it is possible to significantly reduce the risk of periodontal disease and preserve a healthy smile.
Periodontology plays a vital role in dentistry, as healthy gums are essential for functional and aesthetic oral health. Regular check-ups and timely treatment can prevent serious complications, preserving both dental function and smile aesthetics.
Commitment to the Società Italiana di Parodontologia e Implantologia (SIDP)
An aspect that confirms the quality and professional updating of the Trapani – Di Maio Associated Dental Practice is the active participation of its doctors in the Italian Society of Periodontology and Implantology (SIDP), the national point of reference for scientific research and continuous training in the field of periodontology
Both Dr. Giuseppe Di Maio and Dr. Danilo Trapani are SIDP members, a recognition that testifies to their constant commitment to the study, prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases, with the aim of guaranteeing patients treatments based on the most modern scientific evidence and international guidelines.